Introduction:
The city of Baramulla was founded by Raja Bhimsina in 2306
BC from which the district derives its name, . The city held the position of a
gateway to the valley, as it was located on the route to the valley from
Muzaffarabad, now in POK, and Rawalpindi, now in Pakistan.
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History of Baramulla:
A number of visitors have been visted to Baramulla. These
also include the famous Chinese visitor Heiun T'Sang and Moorcraft, the British
historian. Mughal Emperors had a special fascination for Baramulla. Being In
1508 AD, Emperor Akbar, who entered the Valley via Pakhil, spent a few days at
Baramulla, and according to "Tarikh-e-Hassan," the city during
Akbar's stay had been decorated like a bride, the gateway of the valley; it was
a halting station for them during their visits to the ValleyEven Jahangir had
been a guest at Baramulla during his trip to Kashmir in 1620 AD.
Muslims also took note of Baramulla in the fifteenth century
when Syed Janbaz Wali, a famed Muslim saint who came to the valley with his
partners in 1421 AD, decided to settle there. as the center of his mission, and
after his death he was buried there.
In 1620 AD the Sikh Guru Shri Hargobind visited the city.
Baramulla thus became a spiritual place for Hindus, Muslims, Buddhists, and
Sikhs living in harmony and contributing to a rich composite culture. It was
the oldest and the most important town in the north of the princely state of
Jammu and Kashmir and the 'Gateway of Kashmir Valley' by
Rawalpindi-Murree-Muzaffarabad-Baramulla Road until 27 October 1947. It became
a part of the Union of India after the Maharaja signed the Instrument of
Accession on 26 October 1947.
Tourist Places:
i.
1.
Apharwat Peak: Apharwat Peak is a summit situated at a height of 4,390
meters (14,403 ft) above sea level in Gulmarg. It is high altitude area which
receives heavy snowfall and remains covered with snow for much of the year.
ii.
Alpathar Lake: Alpather Lake in
Gulmarg is a picturesque small lake that is also known as the Frozen Lake,
which owes its nature of being frozen from November until mid-June.
iii. Baba Rishi Shrine: The Ziyarat Baba Reshi shrine is a
three-story monument. It is located close to Ramboh village in Baramulla
District. Built in 1480, in Mughal and Persian type, the tomb is named after
Baba Payam Uddin.
iv. Rani Temple Built in: 1915 Built by Maharaja Hari Singh's
wife, Rani Mohini Bai Sisodhia, Dedicated to Lord Shiva.
v.
Gulmarg: Gulmarg is very famous for
its skiing scenes in India. This town is located on the Pir Panjal Range and
the Pir Panjal Range is a part of the western Himalayas. Yusuf Shah Chak, who
ruled Kashmir from 1579 to 1586, frequented the place with his queen Habba
khaton and renamed it 'Gulmarg' ("meadow of flowers"). The Mughal
emperor, Jahangir, collected wild flowers of twenty one different species to be
cultivated in his gardens in Gulmarg.
vi. The Kongdori: it lies between Gulmarg and the Apharwat’s
highest point in a dish-shaped form. It attracts skiers from around India and
beyond.
vii. Kazinag National Park: Kazinag
National Park is situated on the northern bank of Jhelum, close to Line of
Control in Baramulla district, about 70 kilometers from Srinagar city – the
capital of Jammu and Kashmir state in India. This is besides being one of the
places which has many wild species like Markhor (Capra falconeri) and Himalayan
Musk Deer (Maschus crysogater), with 120 bird species ad 20 mammals’ ones.
Summary
Baramulla was built by Raja Bhimsina in 2306 BC as a major
entrance to the spacious Kashmir valley connecting it with Muzaffarabad and
Rawalpindi. It has a rich history, famous visitors traveled here like the
Chinese traveler Heiun T'Sang and also the Mughal emperors such as Akbar and
Jahangir. In the 15th century, the Muslim saint known as Syed Janbaz Wali
established a mission there, enhancing its importance in the Muslim community.
The city also welcomed a famous Sikh Guru Shri Hargobind in 1620. It was a
cultural common ground of Hindus, Muslims, Buddhists, and Sikhs. Tourist
attractions include Apharwat Peak, Alpathar Lake, Baba Rishi Shrine, Rani Temple,
Gulmarg, Kongdori, and Kazinag National Park.